Does Quantitative Easing automatically cause higher inflation?

Readers Question: 1. I read somewhere that accommodative monetary policy (in other words, quantitative easing) does not automatically result in higher inflation. For higher inflation to occur, the output gap must be crossed. i.e. idle factories back in business, unemployment rates down, etc. However, I don’t think the hyperinflation in Zimbabwe was preceded by increasing …

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Why Austerity is Politicaly Popular?

Austerity measures have pushed the UK and European economies back into recession with rising unemployment. But, I often feel that austerity measures are actually quite popular with the electorate. It is true that in Europe recently there has been something of a backlash. The recession has been so severe, voters have started to vote against …

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Will The UK Keep its AAA Credit Rating?

Readers Question:Do you really think the UK will keep the AAA credit rating for say the next 2 years?

The UK is one of the few countries to have a AAA credit rating. (list of countries with highest credit rating)

I’ve always felt that the UK should be able to maintain its AAA credit rating (with possible minor downgrade). However, there is a danger of downgrade due to two factors

The UK fail to recover, but get stuck in a persistent depression. Most analysts expect positive growth for the UK by the end of 2012, but this is far from guaranteed. In the past 4 years, forecasters have been persistently over-optimistic when it comes to UK growth. There are 3 factors which could cause the UK to endure persistent depression

  1. Government spending cuts are still to come into full force. If the government cuts spending, but the private sector continue to save and not invest, there could be a large fall in demand.
  2. The European economy could deteriorate much further. A deep European recession would reduce demand for UK exports (and AD) but, more significantly undermine confidence
  3. Further falls in Private sector spending and investment. For example, UK house prices are overvalued. If banks suffer substantial losses related to Eurozone debt default, mortgage availability could fall further, leading to lower house prices and a negative wealth effect on consumer spending. But, also households have been squeezed by rising living costs and stagnant wage growth. Consumer confidence is already very low, but could still deteriorate. (Confidence fairy)

Nevertheless, I still think (or perhaps hope is a better word) that this can be avoided. I would like to see a strong year of economic growth, that would be key to improve credit rating prospects.

Some Reasons to Hope UK will Keep its AAA credit rating.

Bond Yields

UK INterest rates

IMF graph, source: FT

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To what extent has the internet increased contestability?

Readers Question: Assess the impact on market contestability of increased use of the internet? Definition of Market Contestability – Contestability means that a market has freedom of entry and exit. In other words, new firms can enter and leave easily; this creates a permanent threat of competition. Contestability requires low sunk costs (costs that are …

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End This Depression Now – Review

Paul Krugman has been one of the clearest and strongest advocates of fiscal stimulus to end the recession which we have faced since the credit crisis of 2008. The basic premise of the book – ‘End This Depression Now!‘ is based on Keynesian analysis of a prolonged recession and liquidity trap. The basic argument is …

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What is the impact of debt on the housing market in the UK?

Readers Question: What is the impact of debt on the housing market in the UK? If the UK is in such a debt crisis, what impact has this had on the housing market. Firstly, a debt crisis could imply both government debt and household debt. The UK is facing a combination of both (see: total …

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UK Inflation Back on Target May 2012

For the past several months, the governor of the Bank of England has had to write a letter to the Chancellor explaining why UK inflation has been above the government’s target of 1-3%. April 2012 gives the first on target inflation figure (1-3%) since Dec 2009. Core inflation which strips out energy and food has …

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What Happens if Greece Leaves the Euro?

The BBC have this infographic about what happens if Greece leaves the Euro. Source: BBC But, when I look at this. Everything has already happened. Greece is already in recession. It has been in recession for past 5 years. Greece already has bank runs. Multinationals are not keeping money in Greek banks Due to unemployment …

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