Aggregate demand (AD) is the total demand for goods and services produced within the economy over a period of time. Aggregate demand (AD) is composed of various components. AD = C+I+G+ (X-M) C = Consumer expenditure on goods and services. I = Gross capital investment – i.e. investment spending on capital goods e.g. factories and …
Aggregate supply is the total value of goods and services produced in an economy. The aggregate supply curve shows the amount of goods that can be produced at different price levels. When the economy reaches its level of full capacity (full employment – when the economy is on the production possibility frontier) the aggregate supply …
Readers Question: When does velocity of money pick up and why will it? Clearly, the reason US inflation worriers have been wrong so far (NB). Is it confidence or policy? The velocity of circulation / velocity of money refers to how frequently the money stock in an economy is used in a given period. In …
An examination of the advantages and disadvantages of congestion charges: Some cities, such as London have introduced a congestion charge. The aim of a congestion charge is: Reduce congestion. Therefore reduce time wasted and reduce costs for business Reduce pollution. Fewer cars will lead to less pollution. Make city centres more attractive for pedestrians and …
The market supply curve shows the combined quantity supplied of goods at different prices. The market supply curve is the horizontal sum of all individual supply curves. Linear Supply curve A linear supply curve can be plotted using a simple equation P = a + bS a = plots the starting point of the supply …
I recently watched a BBC documentary (No place to call home) about Britain’s housing crisis, focusing on a suburb of London (Dagenham). It was an insight into the desperate situation many find themselves in because of a shortage of housing, very high rents and a feeling the council / government is unable to help with …
How to judge George Osborne’s and David Cameron’s economic record since May 2010? They inherited an economy recovering from a deep recession, high unemployment and large budget deficit. It was a difficult economic circumstance, but at the same time you might expect a strong economic recovery as there was much unused capacity and potential for …
It is getting close to the summer exams, and one reader asked if I had any tips for memorising information. Some things that worked for me Read then close book. I used to read a book, then close and try to remember was is in the closed book. If I couldn’t remember, I’d check and …