Most firms seek to become bigger – increasing sales and market share. Firms can grow through internal expansion, external growth (merger) or diversification into related industries. The motives for increasing in size can include: Greater sales lead to greater profit, making the firm more attractive to shareholders Successful, growing firms are likely to increase salaries/pay …
Hysteresis is a concept which states that history affects the value of a current issue. In economics, hysteresis states that historical rates of unemployment are likely to influence the current and future rates of unemployment. If there is a recession and rise in cyclical unemployment, this temporary unemployment can affect the underlying structural rate and …
GDP per capita is a measure of average income per person in a country. GDP stands for Gross Domestic Product. This measure National income / National Output and National expenditure. GDP per capita divides the GDP by the population. Real GDP per capita takes into account inflation. World Map of GDP per Capita
A credit rating is a judgement made on the security of government bonds. They are made by credit rating agencies who evaluate several factors and decide on their likelihood of default. A triple-A credit rating implies the bond is secure. A junk bond status implies the government is likely to default. Readers Question: Hello, I …
Readers Question: In finance and economics, there are such things as “bubbles” in the economy. And when bubbles start forming, it normally isn’t a good thing. My question is, how many different kinds of “bubbles” are there? Such as the property bubble or stock market bubble. And how do they form and what are their …
New trade theory (NTT) suggests that a critical factor in determining international patterns of trade are the very substantial economies of scale and network effects that can occur in key industries. These economies of scale and network effects can be so significant that they outweigh the more traditional theory of comparative advantage. In some industries, …
Definition: Real wage unemployment occurs when wages are set above the equilibrium level causing the supply of labour to be greater than demand. Classical unemployment of Q1-Q2 caused by a wage NMW above the equilibrium. Classical economists argue the solution is to cut wages to reduce unemployment. For example, a fall in demand for labour …
There are various economic costs associated with inflation – uncertainty, decline in investment, redistribution from savers to borrowers – but although there are costs with inflation, is zero inflation actually desirable? Governments usually set an inflation target of around 2%. (UK CPI target is 2% +/-1) There are reasons for targetting inflation of 2% – …