A devaluation means there is a fall in the value of a currency. The main effects are: Exports are cheaper to foreign customers Imports more expensive. In the short-term, a devaluation tends to cause inflation, higher growth and increased demand for exports. A devaluation in the Pound means £1 is worth less compared to other …
A current account deficit means the value of imports of goods/services / investment incomes is greater than the value of exports. It is sometimes referred to as a trade deficit. Though a trade deficit (goods) is only part of the current account. If there is a current account deficit, it means there is a surplus …
Global economic imbalances refer to an unfair distribution of resources between different countries or it may refer to a one-sided trade situation. Global economic imbalances include Balance of Payments. Unbalanced trade between different economies, e.g. US trade deficit with China Unemployment levels, e.g. high unemployment in southern Europe versus low unemployment in US, UK. Poverty …
Summary. A look at policies a country can consider to increase the value of a currency. Readers Question: I was wondering, what are some of the policies and possibilities a country can use to increase the value of their currency? Specifically, countries who would be trying to “overthrow” the US dollar like China, India, Brazil, …
Currency substitution occurs when an economy uses an alternative currency to the domestic currency. The alternative currency maybe used in parallel to the domestic currency or some cases may completely replace it. Currency substitution can also be referred to as ‘dollarisation’ when the dollar is used. Examples of countries with official currency substitution include Ecuador …
Readers Question What does the size of a current account deficit / surplus say about the state of the economy? A current account deficit means that the value of goods and services imported is greater than the value of exports. A current account deficit requires capital / financial flows to finance this deficit. Despite the …
Definition – Hot money flows refer to capital flows moving to countries with higher interest rates and/or expected changes in exchange rates. Example of hot money flows For international investors, there are substantial gains to be made from moving money between different countries with different interest rates. Suppose the EU and UK both have an …
Purchasing Power Parity PPP is a theory which suggests that exchange rates are in equilibrium when they have the same purchasing power in different countries. Purchasing power parity will involve looking at a basket of goods to determine effective living costs. The purchasing power parity is determined by dividing a basket of goods in one …