There was a time when Britain led the way in building. Britain built the first railway, the first iron bridge, the first underground system. Isambard Kingdom Brunel was voted the 2nd greatest Britain for his exploits, in transforming the country. But, if Brunel were alive today, would he find himself thwarted by red tape, NIMBY’s …
Around 2000, something remarkable happened to the Italian economy. It stopped growing and went into a 20 year long-decline. Even if you adjust for population, Italy’s performance was strikingly worse than its main competitors. If we look at productivity, Italy fell far behind. It has effectively lost two decades with real wages remaining virtually stagnant. …
Since 2000, there was only one major economy which has seen a fall in real GDP per capita – Italy. In this period, Italy has experienced a shocking fall in productivity, rising debt, and prolonged economic turmoil. We are told the Italian economy is riven by cronyism, falling birth rates, and a regional divide. Yet, …
Debt/Equity Ratio = Total Shareholders’ Equity/Total Liabilities What is a liability? A liability is something the company owes Loans Mortgages Bonds Accounts you need to pay Bond issues is a liability because ultimately bank has to pay 20. A company has an issued share capital of £1 million and an outstanding corporate bond issue of …
The thing to do is work out total cost and total revenue. Total cost = ATC *Q. 150 154 156 156 Total Revenue = AR *Q. 260 264 276 273 Therefore Total Profit = TR – TC 260-150 = 110 264-154 = 110 276-156 = 120 Profit maximised 273-156 = 117
12. The existence of negative externalities in consumption results in a misallocation of resources. This is because at the free market level of output the A marginal private benefit is greater than the marginal private cost. B marginal private cost is greater than the marginal social cost. C marginal social benefit is less than the …
The British Wage Disaster – Why Wages Lower than EUWatch this video on YouTube Compared to many major European economies, UK average wages are lower and this is before we take into account relatively higher housing costs and longer working hours for British workers. In the past 15 years, the UK has seen pretty much …
Why The Russian Economy Defied Predictions of CollapseWatch this video on YouTube Following the invasion of Ukraine in March 2022, the Western powers introduced unprecedented levels of sanctions, freezing $300bn of Russian assets, the Ruble collapsed, inflation rose, and the Russian economy headed into recession. It seemed the perfect storm to create deep economic problems. …