An explanation of what happens if there are net outflows of money from a country. Impact on: Real GDP (tends to fall) Employment Exchange rate – exchange rate will fall Balance of Payments – debit on financial account Confidence – if big outflows it can cause a negative spiral of declining confidence. Government debt – …
Supply is price inelastic if a change in price causes a smaller percentage change in supply. (PES of less than one) Example of inelastic supply – Price of rents falls by 20%; Q.Supply declines by 1%. PES = 0.05 Diagram of inelastic supply In this case, an increase in price from £30 to £40 has …
The manufacturing sector takes raw materials and converts them into finished products. The manufacturing sector is concerned with using raw materials from the primary sectors, such as iron and coke and the production of finished goods, such as cars. These manufactured goods can then be sold in the tertiary sector. The manufacturing sector is to …
Due to lack of space in the book, we have published full bibliography on this website. Bibliography Chapter 1 Is it OK to be selfish? Frank, R H (1988) Passions Within Reason: The Strategic Role of the Emotions, p. xi. New York: W W Norton & Co. Galbraith, J K (1982) “Recession economics”, The New …
Readers Question: What are the effects of increased investment on aggregate demand in the short term and the long term. Investment means capital expenditure (e.g. purchasing machines or building bigger factory) Investment is a component of AD – AD+ C+I+G+X-M. Investment spending takes about 15% of AD; it is not as significant as consumer spending …
A lagging indicator is an economic statistic that tends to have a delayed reaction to a change in the economic cycle. A leading indicator is an economic statistic that tends to predict future changes in the economic cycle. A co-incident indicator is a variable that changes with the whole economy. The recession of 2008 was …
Readers Question: Explain what is meant by a balance of payments disequilibrium? The Balance of Payments is comprised of two main components: The Current Account (trade in goods, services + transfer payments and investment incomes) The Financial Account (used to be called capital account; this is capital flows such as foreign direct investment) If the …
Mental accounting is a concept to describe how individuals can separate their budget into different accounts for specific purposes. For example, we may earmark $50 a week for entertainment and $100 for food. Mental accounting suggests people do not treat money as fungible (the concept all money is interchangeable), but mentally link spending to particular …