The natural rate of interest is the interest rate consistent with maintaining economic growth at its trend rate and stable inflation. Another definition of the natural rate of interest is: “the real interest rate consistent with real GDP equalling its potential level (potential GDP) in the absence of transitory shocks to demand. (FR) In other …
Fiscal responsibility implies a government pursues the appropriate level of government spending and tax to: Maintain sustainable public finances. Ensure fiscal policy aids the optimal rate of economic growth. Maintain appropriate levels of public investment. The UK chancellor has proposed a fiscal charter – which requires the government to run a budget surplus within three …
Unemployment in many European countries has risen sharply due to the credit crunch and global recession. The worst hit countries include Spain (ES) and Greece (EL), who both have unemployment rates of over 24%. In the past few months, there has been a slight reduction in European unemployment, but the prolonged period of mass unemployment …
How will UK house prices be affected by Brexit – in both the short term and long-term? In the past few decades, the UK property market has been characterised by a long-term rise in real house prices. UK house prices have risen faster than inflation – especially in London and South. In fact, we could …
In recent years, major companies have seen a significant rise in cash reserves. These are profits which are not reinvested or distributed to shareholders but effectively saved. The largest cash reserves are found amongst major US IT companies, such as Apple, Microsoft and Google. These cash reserves have significant implications for economic welfare and income …
The EU has many achievements of which it can rightly claim. Long period of peace and prosperity, unrivalled in European history. Secured transition to democracy for countries such as Spain and post-Communist countries in Eastern Europe Free trade and free movement has helped improve economic growth and living standards. Working on European wide problems, such …
In this recent post we saw some of the economic and political challenges of allowing free movement of labour within an economic block, such as the EU28. To what extent can the government / EU mitigate these negative impacts, whilst retaining free movement of labour? 1. Funding related to number of people. One issue of …
Will the UK’s decision to leave the EU cause recession? Factors which could cause Brexit recession Loss of confidence. Many foreign investors may be deterred from investing in the UK because of uncertainties that they may have higher costs for accessing the Single Market. This decline in investment could lead to fall in aggregate demand. …