Demand management policies are efforts to influence the level of aggregate demand (AD) in an economy. The two main types of demand management policies are: Monetary Policy Fiscal Policy To some extent, the exchange rate could be used to influence aggregate demand, but in practice, it is rarely used as a tool to influence aggregate …
Readers Question: What are the implications of a higher dependency ratio? The dependency ratio measures the % of dependent people (not of working age) / number of working people. Children (0-15) + Number of elderly (> 65) ———————————————— Number of working age (16-65) In the western world, we are seeing an increase in the dependency …
In recent months, we have seen a dramatic drop in oil prices. For many consumers and business, this fall in the price of oil will be welcome reduction in the cost of living and a reduction in the cost of business. However, is such a steep fall in oil prices good for the economy? Benefits of …
Forward guidance is when the Central Bank announces to markets that it intends to keep interest rates at a certain level until a fixed point in the future. The aim of forward guidance is to influence long term interest rates and market expectations. For example, the Central Bank might want to boost economic activity by …
Securitisation involves changing loans into tradeable bonds. Securitisation can increase the liquidity of banks and enable banks to engage in more lending than previously. Securitisation was a factor in the credit crunch because it enabled banks to lend more than usual. When there was a shortage of credit in the banking system, banks became over-exposed …
For those who like to keep track of the myriad different rates of inflation, the ONS will shortly be publishing a new measure – RPIJ. RPIJ will be basically RPI, but calculated in the same way as CPI which uses a geometric mean. CPI = official household inflation measure (CPI) – calculated using a geometric …