The UK grocery market has become increasingly competitive in the past few years. It is a good example of an oligopoly becoming more competitive. Certainly, the growing strength of discount giants like Aldi and Lidl have really shaken up the market and diluted the cosy oligopoly previous enjoyed by the likes of Tesco and Sainsbury. …
Tight monetary policy implies the Central Bank is trying to reduce the demand for money and limit the pace of economic expansion. A tightening of monetary policy, could involve an increase in interest rates. – Higher interest rates increase the cost of borrowing and discourage investment and consumer spending. A tightening of monetary policy would …
Q2: Why are there millions of people unemployed even when the economy is booming? During periods of strong economic growth, we can often experience high rates of unemployment. Firstly, there may be structural unemployment. This occurs when the unemployed are unsuited or unable to fill job vacancies. For example, a booming economy may have a …
Readers Question: You have partially explained the answer to my question in your reply to my other question, “What will we do when we can’t pay back the money owing to the government bond holders when they reach the end if their term”. While I appreciate the convenient use of the debt to GDP ratio …
The ECB inflation target is 2% – ‘it aims to maintain inflation rates below, but close to, 2% over the medium term. ‘ However, some economists argue that in the current situation, the ECB should have a higher inflation target of 3-4%. The main reason for having a higher inflation rate would be to prioritise …
The UK has one of the highest tax rates on petrol / diesel in Europe – roughly 60% of the final price of petrol goes to the government in excise duty or VAT. UK fuel duty is currently 58p per litre for petrol and diesel VAT accounts for 20-25p per litre The product cost is …
Question and answers on the difficulty of switching from non-renewable energy sources, such as fossil fuels. (from – finding alternatives to fossil fuels) Readers Question: Why is it that on a global scale, alternative fuels are somewhat being ignored? Firstly, fossil fuels are still cheaper. However, the gap is narrowing. For example, see how …
The Eurozone inflation rate is 0.4% (ECB database) (Sept 2014) Eurozone HCIP inflation rate HCIP (Harmonized consumer index prices) Source:| (ECB Inflation graphs, sometimes a few months outdated) Food inflation Food inflation is currently negative. Food inflation tends to be one of the most volatile components. This negative food inflation is one factor reducing the …