Foreign direct investment involves the transfer of funds to be involved in capital investment in a foreign company. For example, if a Japanese firm, like Toyota builds a factory in the UK, this counts as inward investment into the UK. Foreign direct investment does not include portfolio investment, e.g. Chinese saving money in UK banks …
If you are interested in fiscal impact of net migration, this study “Fiscal effects of immigration to the UK” is worth reading. The Economic Journal,Doi: 10.1111/ecoj.1218 Christian Dustmann and Tommaso Frattini Some highlights EU migrants cost the UK government £408.12 per second in public expenditures, and contribute £463.35 per second in revenue. Of all EU …
Readers Question: How Long do Recessions last? There is no exact answer. Recessions can last for varying time lengths depending on the causes and also the response of governments and consumers. If recessions are caused by a tightening of monetary policy (higher interest rates to reduce inflation), then it tends to be easier to get …
A devaluation (depreciation) occurs when the exchange rate falls in value. This causes exports to be cheaper and imports to be more expensive. In theory, it can help increase economic growth, though it may cause inflation. In theory, a devaluation will cause the following to happen: The price of UK exports will be lower in …
Source ONS | NTV A possible unit 4 A Level question this summer could be: Discuss the impact of a fall in public sector investment on the UK economy? The graph shows a fall in public sector investment from 3.5% of GDP in 2008 to 1.5% in 2011. This means cuts of approximately £30bn a …
GDP at chained volume measure is a series of GDP statistics adjusted for the effect of inflation to give a measure of ‘real GDP’. Chained volume GDP statistics are calculated by measuring output using the price level of the preceding year and then linking the statistics to give a reflection of actual output changes and …
A look at different aspects of UK economic history, concentrating on the different decades of the Twenty and Twenty-First Century. Includes histories of particular sectors, such as housing and the coal industry. The economy of the 1920s – a legacy of war debt, deflation and life under the gold standard The economy of the 1930s …
The economic cycle plays an important role in determining the level of government borrowing, especially in the short run. Essentially, higher economic growth leads to lower government borrowing, but a recession will increase government borrowing. Over the past few years (2008-12) – the idea that an economic downturn increases government borrowing is probably one of …